Variance

Draw cards randomly from a deck and observe how the running variance (average of squared differences) converges to the theoretical variance. Toggle cards to change the distribution.

Variance Convergence

Running variance (green) converges to theoretical variance (blue)

Current Card

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Card Deck Selection

Toggle Cards

Click cards to include/exclude them from the deck.

Understanding Variance

Variance Formula

Measures the spread of a distribution:

Var(X) = E[(X - E[X])²]

Average of squared differences from the expected value.

Convergence

As you draw more cards, the running variance (green line) converges to the theoretical variance (blue dashed line).